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| Ectopic pregnancy |
A pregnancy in which the fertilized ovum implants outside the uterine cavity.
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| Ejaculate |
Semen, containing sperm and secretions from the prostate and seminal vesicles, added on ejaculation.
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| Ejaculation |
Expulsion of semen (ejaculate) by rhythmic contractions of the vas deferens and strong contractions of the musculature of the erectile tissue of the penis.
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| Embryo |
The stage of growth of a fertilized egg from implantation in the uterus, which starts 7 - 8 days after ovulation and is complete after further 5 days, until the end of the eighth week of pregnancy. This period involves rapid growth and development of the major organ systems and main external features.
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| Emergency contraception |
Postcoital contraception. Contraceptive methods used to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex or failure of a contraceptive method. There are two forms of emergency contraception: the postcoital pill and insertion of an intrauterine device (IUD).
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| Endocrine |
Secreting internally. The term is usually applied to tissues or glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.
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| Endocrinology |
The study of the function of the hormone glands and hormones.
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| Endometrial cancer |
A cancerous growth in the lining (endometrium) of the uterus.
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| Endometrial hyperplasia |
An overgrowth in the uterine lining (endometrium). It can cause abnormal menstrual bleeding and can become precancerous.
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| Endometriosis |
Growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus that can cause severe pelvic pain often around the time of menstruation.
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| Endometrium |
The lining of the uterus. The endometrium becomes thicker as the menstrual cycle advances in preparation for a fertilized egg. If no fertilization occurs, the endometrium is shed with each menstrual flow.
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| Erectile dysfunction |
The inability to achieve and sustain an erection of the penis sufficient for satisfactory sexual intercourse or other sexual activities.
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| Erection |
The swelling, hardening and stiffening of the penis on sexual arousal that allows its insertion into the vagina (penetration). Nerve impulses relax the muscles in the erectile tissue of the penis and thus allow an increased flow of blood into the penis. At the same time muscular traction and compression of the veins prevents the blood from leaving the penis.
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| Estradiol |
The most potent natural estrogen. Estradiol is produced particularly in the maturing ovarian follicles.
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| Estrogen monotherapy |
In hormone replacement therapy: administration of estrogens alone without progestins.
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| Estrogens |
Female sex hormones. The most important estrogens produced by the body are estradiol, estrone and estriol. Estrogens are produced mainly in the maturing ovarian follicles, also in the adrenal glands, in the placenta and in fatty tissue. They are responsible for development of the female sexual characteristics, regulate the female reproductive functions together with progesterone and have numerous other effects on the metabolism. Synthetic estrogens are used as drugs.
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| Estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) |
ERT is used to replace estrogen lost as a result of menopause. ERT relieves post-menopausal symptoms, such as dryness of the vagina and hot flashes, and prevents osteoporosis.
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| Ethinyl estradiol |
A synthetic estrogen often used in oral contraceptives.
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